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Aitchison (238--39) は,言語変化は "Progress or Decay" のいずれかかという題を掲げる著書のなかで,標題の比喩を持ち出している.
[E]ven if all agreed that a perfectly regular language was the 'best', there is no evidence that languages are progressing towards this ultimate goal. Instead, there is a continuous pull between the disruption and the restoration of patterns. In this perpetual ebb and flow, it would be a mistake to regard pattern neatening and regularization as a step forwards. Such an occurrence may be no more progressive than the tidying up of a cluttered office. Reorganization simply restores the room to a workable state. Similarly, it would be misleading to assume that pattern disruption was necessarily a backward step. Structural dislocation may be the result of extending the language in some useful way.
We must conclude therefore that language is ebbing and flowing like the tide, but neither progressing nor decaying, as far as we can tell. Disruptive and therapeutic tendencies vie with one another, with neither one totally winning or losing, resulting in a perpetual stalemate. As the famous Russian linguist Roman Jakobson said over fifty years ago: 'The spirit of equilibrium and the simultaneous tendency towards its rupture constitute the indispensable properties of that whole that is language.'
結論としては,言語変化は進歩でも堕落でもなく,「ちらかったオフィスの整理」の作業にすぎないという.オフィスの整理はオフィスの使い勝手の良さを保つのに貢献するが,その作業自体が進歩であるとか堕落であるとかいうことは意味をなさない.仕事をしていれば,オフィスがちらかっていくのは必定である.それを定期的に機能的な状態へ回復することは重要である.しかし,回復した秩序も,時間とともに再び乱れていく.そして,また整理する.この繰り返しにすぎない.進歩でも堕落でもなく,永遠のサイクルだ.
言語変化「#1382. 「言語変化はただ変化である」」 ([2013-02-07-1]),「#2525. 「言語は変化する,ただそれだけ」」 ([2016-03-26-1]),「#2544. 言語変化に対する三つの考え方 (3)」 ([2016-04-14-1]) で述べた言語観にも近いが,言語変化はただのオフィスの整理作業なのである.
・ Aitchison, Jean. Language Change: Progress or Decay. 4th ed. Cambridge: CUP, 2013.
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