名詞句 (noun phrase) は,ときに修飾語句が多く付加され,非常に長くなることがある.例えば,やや極端にでっち上げた例ではあるが,all the other potentially lethal doses of poison that may be administered to humans は文法的である.
このように様々な修飾語句が付加される場合には,名詞句内での並び順が決まっている.適当に配置してはいけないのが英語統語論の規則だ.Fischer (79) の "Element order within the NP in PDE" と題する表を掲載しよう.
Predeterminer | Determiner | Postdeterminer | Premodifier | Modifier | Head | Postmodifier |
quantifiers | articles, | quantifiers, | adverbials, | adjectives, | noun, proper name, | prepositional |
quantifiers, | numerals, specialized | some adjectives | adjuncts | pronoun | phrase, relative | |
genitives, | adjectives | clause (some | ||||
demonstratives, | adjectives) | |||||
possessive/ | (quantifiers?) | |||||
interrogative/ | ||||||
relative pronouns | ||||||
half | the | usual | price | |||
any | other | potentially | embarrassing | details | ||
a | pretty | unpleasant | encounter | |||
both | our | meetings | with the | |||
chairman | ||||||
a | decibel | level | that made your | |||
ears ache | ||||||
these | two | criminal | activities |
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