古英語では,前置詞のあとに来る名詞は格変化をする.どの格が来るかは前置詞によって決まっており,与格となることが多いが,中には対格や属格を要求する前置詞もある.現代英語とは異なる意味で使われる前置詞も多いので,要求される格と古英語での意味を以下にまとめる (Mitchell 110) .
複数の格が示されているものはいずれもあり得るということを示し,かっこが付されているもの頻度が比較的ひくいとことを示す.
PREPOSITION | CASE | MEANING |
---|---|---|
æfter | dat. (acc.) | after, along, according to |
ǣr | dat. (acc.) | before |
æt | dat. | at, from, by |
æt | acc. | as far as, until |
be | dat. (acc.) | by, along, alongside, about |
beforan | dat. acc. | before, in front of |
betweox | dat. acc. | among, between |
binnan | * dat./acc. | within, into |
bufan | * dat./acc. | above, upon |
būtan | dat. acc. | except, outside, without |
ēac | dat. | besides, in addition to |
for | dat. acc. | before (of place), in front of, because of |
fram | dat. | from, by (of agent) |
ġeond | acc. (dat.) | throughout |
in | * dat./acc. | in, into |
innan | * dat./acc. (occasinally gen.) | in, within |
mid | dat. acc. | among, with, by means of |
of | dat. | from, of |
ofer | * dat./acc. | above, over, on |
on | * dat./acc. | in, into, on |
on-ġēan | dat. acc. | agaianst, towards |
oþ | acc. (dat.) | up to, until |
tō | gen. | at, for, to such an extent, so |
tō | dat. | towards, to, at, near |
tō | acc. | towards |
tō-ġēanes | dat. | against, towards |
þurh | acc. (dat. gen.) | through, throughout, by means of |
under | * dat./acc. | under, beneath |
wiþ | acc. gen. dat. | towards, opposite, against, along, in exchange for |
ymb(e) | acc. (dat.) | after, about or concerning |
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