昨日の記事「#1723. シップリーによる2重語一覧」 ([2014-01-14-1]) に引き続き，今度は Skeat の語源辞典 (748--51) に掲載されている2重語 (doublet) を一覧しよう．その前に，Skeat (748) の2重語の定義を掲げよう．
Doublets are words which, though apparently differing in form, are nevertheless, from an etymological point of view, one and the same, or only differ in some unimportant suffix. Thus aggrieve is from L. aggrauāre; whilst aggravate, though really from the pp. aggrauātus, is nevertheless used as a verb, precisely as aggrieve is used, though the senses of the words have been differentiated.
では，以下に645組の2重語一覧を掲げる．（なお，本ブログ右欄に「今日の doublet」コーナーを設けてみました．）
| abbreviate | abridge |
| abet | bet |
| acajou | cashew |
| adamant | diamond |
| adventure | venture |
| advocate | avouch, avow |
| aggrieve | aggravate |
| ait | eyot |
| alarm | alarum |
| allocate | allow |
| ameer | emir, omrah |
| amiable | amicable |
| an | one |
| ancient | ensign |
| announce | annunciate |
| ant | emmet |
| anthem | antiphon |
| antic | antique |
| appal | pall |
| appeal (sb) | peal |
| appear | peer |
| appraise | appreciate |
| apprentice | prentice |
| aptitude | attitude |
| arc | arch |
| army | armada |
| arrack | rack, raki |
| asphodel | daffodil |
| assay | essay |
| assemble | assimilate |
| assess | assize (vb) |
| assoil | absolve |
| attach | attack |
| attire | tire, tire |
| bale | ball |
| balm | balsam |
| band | bond |
| banjo | mandoline |
| barb | bard |
| base | basis |
| bashaw | pasha |
| baton | batten |
| bawd | bold |
| beadle | bedell |
| beaker | pitcher |
| beef | cow |
| beldam | belladonna |
| bench | bank, bank |
| benison | benediction |
| blame | blaspheme |
| boil | bile |
| boss | botch |
| bough | bow |
| bound | bourn |
| bower | byre |
| bowl | bull |
| box | pyx, bush |
| brave | bravo |
| breve | brief |
| brother | friar |
| brown | bruin |
| buff | buffalo |
| cadence | chance |
| caitiff | captive |
| caldron, cauldron | chaldron |
| caliber | caliver |
| calumny | challenge |
| camera | chamber |
| cancer | canker |
| cannon | canon |
| caravan | van |
| card | chart, carte |
| case | chase, cash |
| cask | casque |
| castigate | chasten |
| catch | chase |
| cattle | chattels, capital |
| cavalier | chevalier |
| cavalry | chivalry |
| cess | assess |
| chaise | chair |
| chalk | calx |
| champaign | campaign |
| channel | canal, kennel |
| chant | cant |
| chapiter | capital |
| charge | cark, cargo |
| chateau | castle |
| cheat | escheat |
| check (sb) | shah |
| chicory | succory |
| chief | cape |
| chieftain | captain |
| chirurgeon | surgeon |
| choir | chorus, quire |
| choler | cholera |
| chord | cord |
| chuck | shock, shog |
| church | kirk |
| cipher | zero |
| cist | chest |
| cithern | guitar, gittern, kit |
| cive | chive |
| clause | close (sb) |
| climate | clime |
| coffer | coffin |
| coin | coign, quoin |
| cole | kail |
| collect | cull, coil (vb) |
| collocate | couch |
| comfit | confect |
| commend | command |
| commodore | commander |
| complacent | complaisant |
| complete (vb) | comply |
| compost | composite |
| comprehend | comprise |
| compute | count |
| conduct (sb) | conduit |
| confound | confuse |
| construe | construct |
| convey | convoy |
| cool | gelid |
| corn | grain |
| corn | horn |
| coronation | carnation |
| corral | kraal |
| corsair | hussar |
| costume | custom |
| cot | cote |
| couple (vb) | copulate |
| coy | quiet, quit, quite |
| coy | cage |
| crape | crisp |
| cream | chrism |
| crease | crest |
| crevice | crevasse |
| crib | cratch |
| crimson | carmine |
| crop | coup |
| crowd | rote |
| crypt | grot |
| cud | quid |
| cue | queue |
| curari | wourali |
| curricle | curriculum |
| curtle-axe | cutlass |
| cycle | wheel |
| dace | dart, dare |
| dainty | dignity |
| dame | dam, donna, duenna |
| dan | don, domino |
| dauphin | dolphin |
| deck | thatch |
| defence | fence |
| defend | fend |
| delay | dilate |
| dell | dale |
| demesne | domain |
| dent | dint |
| deploy | display, splay |
| depot | deposit (sb) |
| descry | describe |
| desiderate | desire (vb) |
| despite | spite |
| deuce | two |
| devilish | diabolic |
| die | dado |
| direct (vb) | dress |
| dish | disc, desk, daïs |
| disport | sport |
| distain | stain |
| ditch | dike |
| ditto | dictum |
| diurnal | journal |
| doge | duke |
| doit | thwaite |
| dole | deal (sb) |
| dominion | dungeon |
| doom | -dom (suffix) |
| dragon | dragoon |
| dropsy | hydropsy |
| due | debt |
| dune | down |
| eatable | edible |
| éclat | slate |
| elf | oaf, ouphe |
| élite | elect |
| emerald | smaragdus |
| emerods | hemorrhoids |
| employ | imply, implicate |
| endow | endue, indue |
| engine | gin |
| entire | integer |
| envious | invidious |
| escape | scape |
| eschew | shy (vb) |
| escutcheon | scutcheon |
| especial | special |
| espy | spy |
| esquire | squire |
| establish | stablish |
| estate | state, status |
| estimate | esteem |
| estop | stop |
| estreat | extract |
| etiquette | ticket |
| example | ensample, sample |
| exemplar | sampler |
| extraneous | strange |
| fabric | forge (sb) |
| fact | feat |
| faculty | facility |
| fan | van |
| fancy | fantasy, phantasy |
| fashion | faction |
| fat | vat |
| fauteuil | faldstool |
| fealty | fidelity |
| feeble | foible |
| fell | pell |
| fester (sb) | fistula |
| feud | fief, fee |
| feverfew | febrifuge |
| fiddle | viol |
| fife | pipe, peep |
| finch | spink |
| finite | fine |
| fitch | vetch |
| flag | flake, flaw |
| flower | flour |
| flush | flux |
| foam | spume |
| font | fount |
| force | farce |
| foremost | prime |
| foster | forester |
| fragile | frail |
| fray | affray |
| fro | from |
| frounce | flounce |
| fungus | sponge |
| furl | fardel |
| gabble | jabber |
| gad | ged |
| gaffer | grandfather |
| gage | wage |
| gambado | gambol |
| game | gammon |
| gaol | jail |
| garth | yard |
| gear | garb |
| genteel | gentle, gentile |
| genus | kin |
| germ | germen |
| gig | jig |
| gin | juniper |
| gird | gride |
| girdle | girth |
| glamour | gramarye |
| grain | corn |
| granary | garner |
| grece, grise | grade |
| guarantee (sb) | warranty |
| guard | ward |
| guardian | warden |
| guest | host |
| guile | wile |
| guise | wise |
| gullet | gully |
| gust | gusto |
| guy | guide (sb) |
| gypsy | Egyptian |
| hackbut | arquebus |
| hale | whole |
| hamper | hanaper |
| harangue | ring, rank, rink |
| hash (vb) | hatch |
| hatchment | achievement |
| hautboy | oboe |
| heap | hope |
| heckle | hackle, hatchel |
| hemi- | semi- |
| hent | hint |
| history | story |
| hock | hough |
| hoop | whoop |
| hospital | hostel, hotel, spital, spittle |
| hub | hob |
| human | humane |
| hyacinth | jacinth |
| hydra | otter |
| hyper- | super- |
| hypo- | sub- |
| illumine | limn |
| inapt | inept |
| inch | ounce |
| indite | indict |
| influence | influenza |
| innocuous | innoxious |
| invite | vie |
| invoke | invocate |
| iota | jot |
| isolate | insulate |
| jaggery | sugar |
| jealous | zealous |
| jinn | genie |
| joint | junta, junto |
| jointure | juncture |
| jut | jet |
| jutty | jetty |
| ketch | catch |
| label | lapel, lappet |
| lac | lake |
| lace | lasso |
| lair | leaguer |
| lake | loch, lough |
| lateen | Latin |
| launch, lanch | lance (vb) |
| leal | loyal, legal |
| lection | lesson |
| lib | glib |
| lieu | locus |
| limb | limbo |
| limbeck | alembic |
| lineal | linear |
| liquor | liqueur |
| list | lust |
| load | lode |
| lobby | lodge |
| locust | lobster |
| lone | alone |
| losel | lorel |
| lurch | lurk |
| madam | madonna |
| major | mayor |
| male | masculine |
| malediction | malison |
| mandate | maundy |
| mangle | mangonel |
| manœuvre | manure |
| march | mark, marque |
| margin | margent, marge |
| marish | morass |
| maul | mall |
| mauve | mallow |
| maxim | maximum |
| mazer | mazzard |
| mean | mesne, mizen |
| memory | memoir |
| mentor | monitor |
| metal | mettle |
| milt | milk |
| minim | minimum |
| minster | monastery |
| mint | money |
| mister | master |
| mob | mobile, movable |
| mode | mood |
| mohair | moire |
| moment | momentum, movement |
| monster | muster |
| morrow | morn |
| moslem | mussulman |
| mould | module |
| munnion | mullion |
| musket | mosquito |
| naive | native |
| naked | nude |
| name | noun |
| natron | nitre |
| naught, nought | not |
| nausea | noise |
| neat | net |
| nias | eyas |
| noyau | newel |
| obedience | obeisance |
| octave | utas |
| of | off |
| onion | union |
| oration | orison |
| ordinance | ordnance |
| orpiment | orpine |
| osprey | ossifrage |
| otto | attar |
| ouch | nouch |
| outer | utter |
| overplus | surplus |
| paddle | spatula |
| paddock | park |
| pain (vb) | pine |
| paladin | palatine |
| pale | pallid, fallow |
| palette | pallet |
| paper | papyrus |
| parade | parry |
| paradise | parvis |
| paralysis | palsy |
| parole | parable, parle, palaver |
| parson | person |
| pass | pace |
| pastel | pastille |
| pasty | patty |
| pate | plate |
| patron | pattern |
| pause | pose |
| pawn | pane, vane |
| paynim | paganism |
| peer | appear |
| peise | poise |
| pelisse | pilch |
| pellitory | paritory |
| penance | penitence |
| peregrine | pilgrim |
| peruke | periwig, wig |
| pewter | spelter |
| phantasm | phantom |
| piazza | place |
| pick | peck, pitch (vb) |
| picket | piquet |
| piety | pity |
| pigment | pimento |
| pike | peak, pick (sb), pique (sb), spike |
| pippin | pip |
| pistil | pestle |
| pistol | pistole |
| plaintiff | plaintive |
| plait | pleat, plight |
| plan | plain, plane, llano |
| plateau | platter |
| plum | prune |
| poignant | pungent |
| point | punt |
| poison | potion |
| poke | pouch |
| pole | pale, pawl |
| pomade, pommade | pomatum |
| pomp | pump |
| poor | pauper |
| pope | papa |
| porch | portico |
| posy | poesy |
| potent | puissant |
| poult | pullet |
| pounce | punch |
| pounce | pumice |
| pound | pond |
| pound | pun (vb) |
| power | posse |
| praise | price |
| preach | predicate |
| premier | primero |
| priest | presbyter |
| private | privy |
| probe (sb) | proof |
| proctor | procurator |
| prolong | purloin |
| prosecute | pursue |
| provide | purvey |
| provident | prudent |
| punch | punish |
| puny | puisne |
| purl | profile |
| purpose | propose |
| purview | proviso |
| quartern | quadroon |
| queen | quean |
| raceme | raisin |
| rack | wrack, wreck |
| radix | radish, race, root, wort |
| raid | road |
| rail | rally |
| raise | rear |
| ramp | romp |
| ransom | redemption |
| rapine | ravine, raven |
| rase | raze |
| ratio | ration, reason |
| ray | radius |
| rayah | ryot |
| rear-ward | rear-guard |
| reave | rob |
| reconnaissance | recognisance |
| regal | royal, real |
| relic | relique |
| renegade | runagate |
| renew | renovate |
| reprieve | reprove |
| residue | residuum |
| respect | respite |
| revenge | revindicate |
| reward | regard |
| rhomb, rhombus | rumb |
| ridge | rig |
| rod | rood |
| rondeau | roundel |
| rote | route, rout, rut |
| round | rotund |
| rouse | row |
| rover | robber |
| sack | sac |
| sacristan | sexton |
| saw | saga |
| saxifrage | sassafras |
| scabby | shabby |
| scale | shale |
| scandal | slander |
| scar, scaur | share |
| scarf | scrip, scrap |
| scatter | shatter |
| school | shoal, scull |
| scot(free) | shot |
| screen | shriek |
| screed | shred |
| screw | shrew |
| scur | scour |
| scuttle | skillet |
| sect, sept, set | suite, suit |
| sennet | signet |
| separate | sever |
| sequin | sicca |
| sergeant, serjeant | servant |
| settle | sell, saddle |
| shammy | chamois |
| shark | search |
| shawm, shalm | haulm |
| sheave | shive |
| shed | shade |
| shirt | skirt |
| shrub | sherbet, syrup |
| shuffle | scuffle |
| sicker, siker | secure, sure |
| sine | sinus |
| sir, sire | senior, seignior, señor, signor |
| size, size | assise |
| skewer | shiver |
| skiff | ship |
| skirmish | scrimmage, scaramouch |
| slabber | slaver |
| sleight | sloid |
| sleuth | slot |
| slobber | slubber |
| sloop | shallop |
| snivel | snuffle |
| snub | snuff |
| soil | sole, sole |
| soprano | sovereign |
| sough | surf |
| soup | sup |
| souse | sauce |
| spade | spade |
| species | spice |
| spell | spill |
| spend | dispend |
| spirit | sprite, spright |
| spoor | spur |
| spray | sprig, asparagus |
| sprit | sprout (sb) |
| sprout (vb) | spout |
| spry | spark |
| squall | squeal |
| squinancy | quinsy |
| squire | square |
| stank | tank |
| stave | staff |
| steer | Taurus |
| still | distil |
| stock | tuck |
| stove | stew (sb) |
| strait | strict |
| strap | strop |
| stress | distress |
| superficies | surface |
| supersede | surcease |
| suppliant | supplicant |
| sweep | swoop |
| tabor | tambour |
| tache | tack |
| taint | attaint |
| tamper | temper |
| tarpauling | tar |
| task | tax |
| taunt | tempt, tent |
| tawny | tenny |
| tease | tose |
| tee | taw |
| teind | tithe, tenth |
| tend | tender |
| tense | toise |
| tercel | tassel |
| thread | thrid |
| thrill, thirl | drill |
| tine | tooth |
| tippet | tape |
| tit | teat |
| title | tittle |
| to | too |
| ton | tun |
| tone | tune |
| tour | turn |
| tow | tug |
| town | down |
| track | trick |
| tract | trait |
| tradition | treason |
| travail | travel |
| treble | triple |
| trifle | truffle |
| tripod | trivet |
| triumph | trump |
| troth | truth |
| tuck | tug |
| tuck | touch |
| tulip | turban |
| tweak | twitch |
| umbel | umbrella |
| unity | unit |
| ure | opera |
| vade | fade |
| vair | various |
| valet | varlet |
| vantage | advantage |
| vast | waste |
| vaward | vanguard |
| veal | wether |
| veldt | field |
| veneer | furnish |
| venew, veney | venue |
| verb | word |
| vermeil | vermillion |
| vertex | vortex |
| vervain | verbena |
| viaticum | voyage |
| viper | wyvern, wivern |
| visor | vizard |
| vizier, visier | alguazil |
| vocal | vowel |
| wain | wagon, waggon |
| wale | weal |
| wattle | wallet |
| weet | wit |
| whirl | warble |
| wight | whit |
| wold | weald |
| yelp | yap |
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