昨日の記事「#1029. England の現代英語方言区分 (1)」 ([2012-02-20-1]) でイングランドにおける現代英語の方言区分を示した.方言区分は,なるべく弁別力の高い語を選び出し,その等語線 (isogloss) の重なり具合で線引きしてゆくのが伝統的な手法だが,どの語を選び出すかについての客観的な基準を設けることは難しい.多かれ少なかれ方言学者の主観が入るものだ.
では,昨日の Trudgill の方言区分は何に基づいているか.Trudgill は,以下の8個の単語を選び出し,その等語線によって13の区分を設けた.等語線が複雑に入り組んでいることは,以下の分布表から容易に知れるだろう (Trudgill 33) .
Long | Night | Blind | Land | Arm | Hill | Seven | Bat | ||
older form | lang /læŋ/ | neet /niːt/ | blinnd /blɪnd/ | land /lænd/ | arrm /aːrm/ | hill /hɪl/ | seven /sevn/ | băt [bat] | |
newer form | long /lɒŋ/ | nite /naɪt/ | blined /blaɪnd/ | lond /lɒnd/ | ahm /aːm/ | ill /ɪl/ | zeven /zevn/ | bæt [bæt] | |
1 | Northumberland | lang | neet | blinnd | land | arrm | hill | seven | bat |
2 | Lower North | lang | neet | blinnd | land | ahm | ill | seven | bat |
3 | Lancashire | long | neet | blined | lond | arrm | ill | seven | bat |
4 | Staffordshire | long | nite | blined | lond | ahm | ill | seven | bat |
5 | South Yorkshire | long | neet | blinnd | land | ahm | ill | seven | bat |
6 | Lincolnshire | long | nite | blinnd | land | ahm | ill | seven | bat |
7 | Leicestershire | long | nite | blined | land | ahm | ill | seven | bat |
8 | Western Southwest | long | nite | blined | land | arrm | ill | zeven | bat |
9 | Northern Southwest | long | nite | blined | lond | arrm | ill | seven | bat |
10 | Eastern Southwest | long | nite | blined | land | arrm | ill | seven | bat |
11 | Southeast | long | nite | blined | lænd | arrm | ill | seven | bæt |
12 | Central East | long | nite | blined | lænd | ahm | ill | seven | bæt |
13 | Eastern Counties | long | nite | blined | lænd | ahm | hill | seven | bæt |
Powered by WinChalow1.0rc4 based on chalow